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As the days grow shorter and the leaves begin to turn, it’s easy to think that your trees are winding down and no longer need attention. But autumn is one of the most critical times of year for tree care. The work you put in now sets the stage for healthy growth in spring and long-term resilience in every season.
Unfortunately, many homeowners unintentionally make mistakes during this time often with the best intentions. These missteps can lead to weakened trees, poor root development, increased vulnerability to pests, or even death during the winter months. To help you avoid costly errors, here are seven common mistakes people make with their trees in the fall and what you should be doing instead.
Ignoring Water Needs
One of the most common misconceptions is that trees no longer need water in the fall. Cooler weather and falling leaves may make it seem like trees are done growing, but their roots are still very active underground. In fact, autumn is a crucial time for root development as trees prepare for dormancy.
If the soil becomes too dry during this time, it can stunt root growth and make trees more vulnerable to winter stress. A deep watering once a week especially during dry spells can help hydrate the root zone and give your trees a strong foundation for winter. Water slowly and deeply to encourage deep root systems, rather than frequent shallow watering.
Pruning at the Wrong Time
Many homeowners reach for the pruning shears as soon as the leaves start falling, thinking it’s the perfect time to shape or thin their trees. But in most cases, fall is not ideal for heavy pruning. Cutting back branches now can stimulate new growth, which is vulnerable to frost and can weaken the tree as it prepares for dormancy.
Late winter or early spring when the tree is still dormant but past the coldest part of the year is typically a better time for major pruning. If you must prune in autumn, limit it to removing dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Avoid shaping or reducing healthy growth unless absolutely necessary.
Failing to Mulch Correctly
Mulching is one of the easiest and most effective ways to protect your trees, especially during autumn. However, improper mulching is a widespread issue. One of the biggest mistakes is piling mulch directly against the trunk, often called a “mulch volcano.” This traps moisture against the bark and can cause rot, invite pests, or lead to disease.
Instead, apply a 2- to 4-inch layer of mulch in a doughnut shape around the base of the tree, keeping the mulch a few inches away from the trunk. This helps insulate the roots, retain soil moisture, and suppress weeds without causing harm to the tree itself.
Skipping Fall Fertilization
By autumn, most people stop thinking about fertilizing. However, fall fertilization can help replenish nutrients that have been depleted during the growing season. This gives trees the resources they need to build stronger roots before winter and sets them up for vigorous growth in spring.
Choose a slow-release, balanced fertilizer that supports root health. Be sure to test your soil first, though excess fertilizer can do more harm than good, especially if nutrient levels are already sufficient. Trees in nutrient-rich soil may not need fertilizing at all. For young or stressed trees, though, fall fertilization can be especially beneficial.
Raking Away Every Leaf
While it’s a good idea to remove thick layers of fallen leaves from lawns, you don’t need to bag every last leaf in your garden. Leaves that fall around trees can act as a natural mulch and compost layer, enriching the soil and protecting roots through the colder months.
Rather than removing all the leaves, consider shredding them and spreading them in a thin layer under your trees. This mimics natural forest conditions and provides important nutrients as the leaves break down. Just be sure they’re not matted too thickly, which could suffocate the soil or promote mold growth.
Forgetting to Inspect for Pests or Disease
As trees lose their leaves, it’s easier to spot signs of disease or insect damage. Unfortunately, many people miss this opportunity to assess the health of their trees before winter sets in. Small issues left unchecked can become much bigger problems by spring.
Take a few minutes to look for dead branches, peeling bark, unusual growths, or holes in the trunk. Also check for signs of insect activity, such as sawdust piles, boring holes, or clusters of egg sacs. If you’re unsure about what you’re seeing, it’s worth consulting with a certified arborist for advice. Addressing issues now can prevent major damage down the road.
Neglecting Young or Newly Planted Trees
Young trees and recently planted saplings are particularly vulnerable to harsh weather and environmental stress. Yet they’re often the most neglected in fall care routines. These trees need extra attention to survive their first few winters.
Be sure to water them regularly through the fall, especially if rainfall is scarce. Apply mulch correctly to insulate their roots, and consider staking them if they’re in windy areas. In colder regions, protect young trees with trunk wraps or guards to prevent frost cracks and sunscald.
The first few years of a tree’s life are critical. A bit of extra care in the fall can mean the difference between a thriving tree and one that fails to establish.
Autumn Is the Season of Preparation
Trees may appear to be winding down in the fall, but beneath the surface, they’re hard at work preparing for winter. Root systems are expanding, energy reserves are being stored, and protective barriers are forming in response to cooler temperatures.
By avoiding these common mistakes, you give your trees the best possible chance to survive the winter and thrive in the spring. Autumn is not the end of the growing season it’s the beginning of the next one. With a little observation and care, your trees will reward you with strength, beauty, and resilience for years to come.